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Know Your NO₂ : Become A Citizen Scientist And Measure Air Pollution In Dublin.

With all of the job creation here in Ireland, being created in Dublin; the EPA and An Taisce are rightly worried about the amount of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂) within the city.

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂) comes mainly from cars, vans and trucks. It is an air pollutant and can have very harmful effects on your heart and lungs.

Down here in the clean air of Co. Tipperary we do not have to worry so much about Nitrogen Dioxide, since most of our rural working population have long since migrated to Dublin, mainly due to the total inability of our Tipperary elected Teachta Dálaí, who have demonstrated limited ability and even less authoritativeness within our government, when it comes to job creation.

Tipperary migrants please note: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and An Taisce are now looking for 1,000 people who live in Dublin to become citizen scientists and measure air pollution.
Selected participants will receive a small tube that will measure Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂) in their local area. The sampling will be carried out over October and November this year.

If you are interested in helping the EPA and An Taisce you can get more information and also register to participate on the Clean Air Together project website www.cleanairtogether.ie.

Today the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Environmental Education Unit of An Taisce launched a Citizen Science project, to gather new data on the quality of the air being breathe in Dublin. The Clean Air Together project is looking for 1,000 Dublin citizens to help measure air pollution in their local area.
EPA Senior Scientist Ms Stephanie Long said:
“According to a recent EPA survey, four out of every five people in Ireland believe that air pollution is a serious health risk, and two thirds of us think that it is a serious national problem. Recent EPA data shows that nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), which can have harmful effects on your lungs, is increasing in some areas around Dublin. By taking part in the Clean Air Together project you will know your NO₂. You will measure how much nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is in your local area and your measurement – together with all of the other data collected – will give us a detailed picture of air quality in the city.”

Taking part in the project could not be simpler – you don’t need to be an expert, and the project is open to everyone. Once registered and selected, you will receive a pack in the post containing a small tube. Your pack will also include simple instructions for installing the tube outside your home or business and how to register it online.

As one of the 1,000 participants, you will install your tube on Friday 8th October and leave it in place for four weeks. The tube will measure the levels of nitrogen dioxide – without you even knowing that it is there. After the four weeks, you will post the tube back to the EPA free of charge. Your tube will be sent for analysis and you will get a copy of your results once it has been analysed.

Mr Anthony Purcell from An Taisce added:
“The Clean Air Together project is a great opportunity for people from all communities and backgrounds in Dublin to become Citizen Scientists. This small tube for measuring NO₂ is no bigger than the size of a crayon and is simple to set up. While small, this tube can gather impressive information; the data from this project will promote positive changes towards better air quality in Dublin and inform public policy and action.”

You can sign up to be selected for the project on the Clean Air Together website cleanairtogether.ie.

All the results from this project will be mapped on the Clean Air Together website so that you can compare your results to those in other parts of Dublin. These results will then be combined with existing EPA air quality results to give a better picture of air quality in Dublin.

For further information on air pollution in Ireland visit the EPA at: https://airquality.ie/

Evidence Clear – Ireland Getting Warmer & Wetter.

Long term observations in Ireland provide important insights on the causes and consequences of Climate Change;
Increases in atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide have been observed in Ireland, and reflect the increasing global levels of these key drivers of global warming;
Global warming has resulted in Ireland’s climate becoming warmer and wetter; Sea level rise, increased ocean acidity, and higher ocean temperatures are also observed in our oceans and coastal areas; Ireland’s ocean and terrestrial ecosystems are responding to these changes, resulting in changes in ocean species and a longer growing season on land.

For the benefit of ill informed and misled Tipperary politicians.

Why the use of Peat Moss is being correctly reduced for sale/use in horticulture, here in Ireland!

Under natural conditions, peat accumulates in an active peat forming layer known as the acrotelm (living). Same overlies the catotelm (dead), at a rate of about 1 mm per year.
These layers act as a source or sink for the greenhouse gases CO2 and CH4.
The main peat forming plants sphagnum mosses actively grow in the spring and summer, removing CO2 from the atmosphere and converting it to biomass through photosynthesis.

Watch Video hereunder.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Met Éireann (MÉ) and the Marine Institute (MI) have published a report on The Status of Ireland’s Climate. This is the second comprehensive analysis of “essential” climate data collected in Ireland. It confirms and updates findings from the 2012 report and details how global changes are being reflected in our atmosphere, oceans and our landscape. The report was prepared by MaREI, University College Cork and funded by The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Met Éireann (MÉ) and the Marine Institute (MI).

Welcoming the publication of the report Ms Laura Burke, (EPA Director General), said:
“Climate observations provide the basis for our understanding of the realities of climate change here in Ireland, in Europe, and globally. As a Party to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, and the Paris Agreement, Ireland has committed to carry out the range of climate observations outlined in this report. These data enable bodies such as the IPCC to carry out their analysis of global changes. Importantly, they are needed to inform effective responses to the changes that are happening here in Ireland.
Today’s report brings together the evidence of the changes that have occurred across Ireland’s environment, from both long term detailed measurements on our land and in our oceans and atmosphere and from linked data from satellite observations from programmes such as Copernicus.’
The scientific data monitored and collated by GCOS Ireland represents Ireland’s long- standing contribution to the international scientific effort of providing the fundamental data needed to monitor our changing climate. GCOS Ireland collects scientific data on more than 40 Essential Climate Variables, identified by the UNFCCC, across atmospheric, oceanic, and terrestrial domains.”

Highlighting the importance of the Status of Ireland’s Climate report Mr Eoin Moran, (Director, Met Éireann) said:
“As citizen’s in Ireland and around the world are now seeing the impacts of Climate Change, through evermore extreme weather events, fires and flooding etc; high quality observations of the climate are crucial to help inform society’s response to the Climate Emergency. Scientific long-term monitoring of the climate underpins climate research and the development of climate services which support policy making and decision making in the face of the urgency of the climate crisis.
The Status of Ireland’s Climate report not only includes invaluable data provided to GCOS as Ireland’s contribution to the global climate monitoring effort but also informs development and improvement of national climate monitoring infrastructure to provide ever better understanding of our climate system and to optimise national climate monitoring capacity. This long-term climate monitoring allows us to best compare changes occurring in Ireland’s climate to those across Europe and the rest of the world and to tailor our national response into the future”
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Commenting on the findings, Mr Mick Gillooly, (Interim CEO, Marine Institute), said:
“Long term climate monitoring programmes are needed to provide the evidence required to support national climate policy and action. It is through sustainable long term monitoring networks that we can measure the current state of our climate, and how much it has changed by, which in turn gives us an indication of how much more it is likely to change by into the future.”

Key findings from the report.

Atmosphere

The annual average surface air temperature in Ireland has increased by over 0.9oC over the last 120 years, with a rise in temperature being observed in all seasons.
Annual precipitation was 6 per cent higher in the period 1989 to 2018, compared to the 30-year period 1961 to 1990.
The concentration of the main Climate driver: greenhouse gases – carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide – measured in Ireland, continued to increase since 2012 with long term implications for our climate.

Oceans

Satellite observations indicate that the sea level around Ireland has risen by approximately 2-3mm per year since the early 1990s.
Measurements in the surface water to the west of Ireland indicate an increase in ocean acidity which is comparable to the rate of change in oceans around the world.
The average sea surface temperature measured at Malin Head has been 0.47ºC higher over the last ten years compared to the period 1981-2010.

Land

There is an increase in river flows across most of Ireland since the early 70s. However, there is evidence in recent years of an increase in potential drought conditions especially in the east.
Land cover observations since 1990 show increases in the areas covered by artificial surfaces and forest whilst there is a decrease in wetland areas.

The report also identified that progress has been made in several areas of Ireland’s observation infrastructure, resourcing, analyses and co-ordination, since the 2012 Climate status report. Nonetheless, further action is needed to ensure the national climate observation system is fit for purpose for the coming decades. This includes continued maintenance of existing climate monitoring programmes and infrastructure, the transition of climate observations to long-term sustainable programmes, and investigate potential to monitor essential climate variables not currently observed in Ireland.


EPA Statement On Publication Of IPCC Working Group.

  • IPCC Report echoes key findings of EPA publications on Ireland’s projected greenhouse gas emissions.
  • For Ireland to transform to a climate resilient, biodiversity rich and climate neutral economy by 2050, there needs to be a significant and immediate increase in the scale and pace of greenhouse gas emission reductions.
  • Irish authors and scientists contributed to the new report.

The EPA welcomes the publication of the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The report reaffirms and strengthens the findings in previous reports on the human impacts on climate change.
This latest IPCC report provides new and important insights on the current state of the global climate system, and the steps needed to halt human-induced climate change.
The EPA also welcomed the contributions by authors and scientists from Ireland to the report. The work of the IPCC relies on information and analysis provided by research and sustained systematic observations of the climate system.
Commenting on the report Mr Frank McGovern, (EPA Chief Climate Scientist), said:
“This is an important and timely report, which will be considered by policymakers at the COP26 meeting in November. However, the information it provides can inform decision making on climate change at all levels.
It is essential that we maintain and develop targeted climate change research in Ireland. This is needed to inform actions here and, in particular, the responses that we require. This includes enhanced management of greenhouse gas emissions and removals, as well as the adaptation responses needed to ensure that we can manage the impacts of climate change”.

Ms Laura Burke, (EPA Director General), said:
“For Ireland the report underlines the key messages from the recent EPA publication on Ireland’s greenhouse gas emission projections, which states that the next decade needs to be one of major developments and advances in relation to Ireland’s response to climate change and there needs to be a significant and immediate increase in the scale and pace of greenhouse gas emission reductions. In addition, the IPCC report makes it clear that we must chart a course to achieve net-zero carbon dioxide emissions in the coming decades”.

The EPA leads in the development and coordination of national climate change research in Ireland. It works with other agencies and research bodies in development of key climate related observations including observations of greenhouse gases, aerosols, river flows and fresh water levels.
The EPA provided support for Prof. Peter Thorne, Maynooth University, who acted as a coordinating lead author on the chapter on observations in the Working Group I (WGI) report of the 6th Assessment Cycle.
The EPA has also supported the research at Mace Head cited in the report, and the work of Dr Jurgita Ovadnevaite, who was an author on the chapter on air pollution in the WG1 report.
The EPA has supported work on the 6th Climate Modelling Inter-comparison Project (CMIP-6) used throughout the IPCC report through the work of Dr. Paul Nolan in ICHEC.
The EPA hosts the Climate Ireland information portal which provides interactive access to climate information for Ireland.

For more information please visit www.ipcc.ch.

Wild Flowers Of Thurles Great Famine Double Ditch.

I believe it was on July 26th last 2021 that local elected Thurles Municipal District Councillor Mr Jim Ryan condemned on local Radio and his Facebook page, the illegal dumping at the Ladyswell River Walk; describing same correctly as being “disgusting” and “lacking responsibility”.

Then I suppose with not even one ‘Litter Bin’ in the area, perhaps we should be grateful that these unidentified litter louts did not dispose of their rubbish in the river Suir.

One wonders, however, why Councillor Mr Jim Ryan has failed over the past 3 years to post pictures of the illegal dumping, occurring almost weekly, on the ‘Great Famine Double Ditch’, situated on the Mill Road, Thurles, latter just 350 to 400 metres (less than ¼ mile) from Mr Ryan’s own place of residence. One also wonders why he has failed in the past, in the case of the ‘Double Ditch’ to “have it reported with the council”, as was the case with the Ladyswell river walk.

In the case of the Ladyswell river walk dumping, we should be also glad that the rubbish was not set on fire in an attempt to destroy all evidence of ownership, as is the regular case on the “Great Famine Double Ditch”.

See slide-show video hereunder.

Having watched the slide-show above, you will be very much aware of how an area, that should be declared a national monument, now depends solely on Mother Nature to hide years of illegal dumping of household and other waste.

While the first few slides shared, demonstrates Mother Earths attempt at cloaking humankind’s irremediable damage to this historic area, the remainder of the slides attempt to show the amazing flora living on either side of this public right of way.

First A Caution: Never try eating something in the wild unless you are absolutely sure you know what it is.

Alas, the Crab Apple tree; set on fire by persons unknown; latter attempting to destroy evidence of their fly-tipping. The tree while still alive, has failed to produce fruit for the first time ever this year.

Drought tolerant Lady’s Bedstraw remains here in abundance, its stems covered in frothy heads of tiny, yellow flowers appearing in dense clusters. Historically, Lady’s Bedstraw was used to curdle milk in the process of cheese-making.
Same, interestingly, gets its name from its use as stuffing in mattresses and pillows for bedding, before the advent of our modern man-made fibres. Because of its association with the Blessed Virgin Mary, it was considered good luck to use Lady’s Bedstraw in the mattresses of expectant mothers. It was also believed to deter fleas, which must have been an additional bonus back in earlier medieval times. Recognised in Gaelic mythology, it was said that a tea made from Lady’s Bedstraw could calm the terrifying battle frenzy of the hero Cúchulainn.

The entire plant named as Broadleaf Plantain in our slideshow is entirely edible. Same is slightly bitter but highly nutritious, rich in calcium and other minerals as well as in vitamins A, C, and K. The young leaves are eaten raw, while older leaves can be cooked as a green vegetable.

Broadleaf Plantain also contains many bioactive compounds and is a safe and effective treatment for bleeding. It is known to quickly arrest blood flow and encourages the repair of damaged tissue. For this reason a poultice of the fresh leaves can be applied on the skin to treat minor burns, insect bites, open wounds and stings. You basically just need to chew some leaves and apply the poultice directly on the issue.

Its close relative, Ribwort Plantain, is also a very nutritional leafy vegetable containing Calcium, vitamins A,C, and K. Its young leaves are eaten raw, but larger leaves get tough and are much better cooked. Leaves have a slightly bitter flavour, that makes them more suitable to adding them to soups or salad, rather than eating them on their own. Roots and seeds are also edible and are usually cooked, to make a stock reminiscent of the taste of mushrooms.

Purple Loosestrife is possibly the most attractive flower on the Great Famine Double Ditch here in Thurles. Bearing a valuable source of nectar it attracts bees, butterflies and other insects. In the past this plant was considered to be a useful herb for treating diarrhoea and other gastric ailments.

The late evening heavy scented native plant Meadowsweet is very much in evidence on both sides of this public right-of-way. Again the flower heads are frequently visited by bees; same attracted by the divine, evocative countryside scent given off. Interestingly in spite of its fragrance, the flowers produce no nectar. Insects are therefore fooled; however their regular visits serve to fertilise the plants, which are laden with pollen.

Attractive Knapweed is a firm favourite of our pollinating insects, bearing a source of high quality nectar. But as well as supporting our bees, butterflies and beetles, its seeds also provide food for many of our feathered friends.

In days gone by, Knapweed was used as a cure for ruptures and wounds, bruises, sores, scabs and sore throat.
For budding photographers today; Knapweed attracts all of our known 21 species of bumblebees, and those in search of ‘insect posers’ are guaranteed quality macro pictures. The images shown in our slideshow include the large White-tailed Bumblebee and Red-tailed Bumblebee.


[Back some 8 years ago a worldwide study declared that the decline of wild bees and other wild pollinators may be an even more alarming threat to crop yields, than the loss of our honeybees.]

Named after Queen Anne of England, who was an expert lace maker, Queen Anne’s Lace, with is doily-shaped blooms, is related to carrots and is also known as Wild Carrot, because it was once used as a substitute for same.
Often you will find a flower cluster with a single tiny reddish/purple floret, in the centre. Legend states that when Queen Anne accidentally pricked her finger with a needle, a single drop of her blood fell onto the lace, leaving this reddish tiny flower.

Great Willowherb, depending on light availability, can grow up to 2 metres in height. Same is visited by many of our insects, particularly bees and hover-flies and can usually be found growing near streams, in wet ditches and damp meadows.

Yellow Ragwort is very common almost to be found everywhere in Ireland. Located on ruined walls, on grassland, wasteland and on roadsides; insects and butterflies truly love this yellow, large headed wildflower. Poisonous to horses but not to sheep, its seeds are borne on the wind thus guaranteeing its future propagation. There are at least thirty species of invertebrates that remain totally dependent on Ragwort as a food source.

The Bramble Blackberry with pink and white flowers, accompanied by their vicious thorns are beginning to bear fruit, for this autumn’s hungry birds. Back some 60 years ago same were picked and sold to manufacture dye.

Common St John’s-Wort is widely used in medicine as a treatment for depression and as an ointment for skin problems such as eczema. It was available in Ireland as an over-the-counter anti-depressant, before the then Minister for Health at that time, Mr Brian Cowen, made it a prescription-only medicine.

Scented Hawthorn flowers are now turning into red berries, yet another source of food for our bird life. Same berries are known to possess antioxidants which can help neutralize unstable molecules called ‘free radicals’ that in turn harm our bodies when present at high levels. Same molecules can be brought about by poor diet, as well as environmental toxins like air pollution and the inhalation of excessive tobacco smoke.

Due to their antioxidant activity, consumption of Hawthorn fruit, known as ‘Haws’ are understood to offer certain health benefits, including a lowering of the risk of some cancers; type 2 diabetes; asthma; some infections; heart problems and premature skin ageing.

Common Vetch is a member of the pea family and flowering from June to August. It produces long, dark green coloured seed pods that replace their dark purple flowers at the end of summer. The pod becomes smooth and black as they ripen, before splitting to spread the seeds contained inside. Traditionally, Common Vetch has been used as a food for livestock, and was also used in medicine to treat eczema and other skin irritations, and as an antiseptic.

The leaves of White Snowberry are a larval foodplant for the Death’s Head Hawkmoth. Its fruit is poisonous to humans, [ Please do be aware when out walking with young children who may be tempted to pick and eat ], however the game birds such as pheasants are known to eat them. The wood of the Snowberry, in the past was used to manufacture ‘besoms’, latter used as a household implement for sweeping up leaves, akin to a witches broom.

Heal All or Selfheal is also a native flower. For centuries it has been used to cure or aid the symptoms of almost every possible malady. Common folklore informs us that it was a herb sent by God to heal any ailment of man or animal. Recent research suggests that it may have some consistent medical uses.

Convolvulus or Bind Weed, is hated by all involved in gardening, because of its ability to survive. It is not easy to remove as it persists in growing from a perennial root system. The roots are usually white and very brittle and if broken, will easily regenerate from even the smallest remaining section. It will climb using its strong twining stems and broad leaves to cover off shrubs or anything supporting its ability to climb. It will even find a route through heavy duty “Weed Block” in its effort to emerge from the soil in early spring.

If you are out and about walking near the Mill Road in Thurles, in the days ahead, do take a walk on the Double Ditch; it may be reduced to tar, cement and unwanted traffic lights shortly, that’s if our elected representatives and Tipperary Co. Council officials persist in their ignorance and destruction of our local history.

Pied Wagtails Halt Lily Sales In Thurles, Co. Tipperary.

Two Pied Wagtails, no doubt sick of the continuous long drawn out revitalisation of Liberty Square, in Thurles, moved home in late May of this year to take up residence amongst the sweet smelling Asian Lily collection in O’Driscoll’s Garden Centre, Mill Road, Thurles.

Their reason – to raise possibly their second family.

Choosing a central area to the Garden Centre’s large Lily collection, they located a flower pot which offered suitable central space, the female alone building the nursery for their anticipated brood, using dry grass, horsehair, wool and a few feathers set on a soft peat base.

Pied Wagtails like nesting in farms buildings and gardens and similar inhabited areas, often nesting on the ground and sometimes in old, previously abandoned nests.

Later, mother Wagtail laid five eggs, greyish to blue-white in colour, and some 14 days later five chicks were observed being tended by both the parents.

Lovers of nature and the environment, the O’Driscoll brothers immediately closed off the exhibit area for one month, displaying a sign (not in accordance with truth or fact) declaring their full Lily collection was ‘Previously Sold Out’. However, customer and lovers of garden Asian Lilies, should note their full Lily collection is now back on the market, and a crop of five baby Wagtails and their parents are most exceedingly grateful.

Contact O’Driscoll’s Garden Centre Tel: (0504) 21636.

In all, their nest sojourn lasted 29 days. Having left the nest, they remained in the general area for a further few days, before possibly returning to Liberty Square, where an now overcrowded colony of some 1,000 silent Wagtails currently roost.

Alas, already two large trees in Liberty Square; same previously used by the Wagtails to nightly roost, have been removed as part of the long drawn out Liberty Square revitalisation. So sadly, it is not just businesses that are rapidly leaving the Thurles town centre area; displaced Pied Wagtails are also migrating.